Governance Moderation in ESG Impact: Market Value Shifts Pre- and Post-COP 21 in the Oil and Gas Sector

Authors

  • Abdallah Alkhawaja College of Business Administration, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
  • Suzan Dsouza College of Business Administration, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.20969

Keywords:

ESG, Corporate Governance, Firm Market Value, COP21, Oil and Gas Sector

Abstract

This study examines the effect of ESG performance on firm market value in the oil and gas sector, using 6,872 firm-year observations from 52 countries (2011–2022). A two-stage least squares (2SLS) regression is employed to address endogeneity, with institutional governance government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and control of corruption tested as moderators. Results show ESG positively impacts firm value only after COP21. Institutional quality enhances firm value but weakens ESG’s marginal effect. The findings highlight the conditional nature of ESG’s value relevance and offer implications for firms, investors, and policymakers in varying governance contexts.

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Published

2025-10-12

How to Cite

Alkhawaja, A., & Dsouza , S. (2025). Governance Moderation in ESG Impact: Market Value Shifts Pre- and Post-COP 21 in the Oil and Gas Sector. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 15(6), 603–616. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.20969

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 6 (2025)

Section

Articles

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