A Comparative Analysis of Government Policies to Promote Energy Efficiency in the US, China, and India

Abstract

This article provides a comparative analysis of Energy efficiency policies in the US, China, and India. During the analysis, all policies were divided into 4 main groups: administrative, economic, production/industrial, and information policies. The study found that energy efficiency policies in the US, China, and India are positively associated with reduced energy intensity. The primary role of the state is to form common goals, adopt legislative and regulatory frameworks, implement state programs, and develop financial support mechanisms for the fulfilment of tasks. This confirms our analysis. The share of administrative policies in the US and China was 76%, and India 60%. In our view, strengthening energy efficiency information policies can play an important role in achieving the goals. The results of the study showed that China is now pursuing a more centralized policy, although the examples of the United States and India show that measures taken in individual states have great potential. In our opinion, the complementarity of the policies pursued will provide a synergistic effect and allow countries to achieve their energy efficiency goals.