SELMEY, Mousa Gowfal; ELBIALY, Bassam A.; MOHAMED, Ibrahim Abdallah Abdelraouf; ALHUMUD, Abdullah Abdulaziz; SHETA, Ibrahim Hamdy. The Impact of Primary Energy Consumption, Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth: Evidence from MENA Countries. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, [S. l.], v. 15, n. 6, p. 398–409, 2025. DOI: 10.32479/ijeep.20794. Disponível em: https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijeep/article/view/20794. Acesso em: 5 dec. 2025.