TY - JOUR AU - Tleppayev, Arsen AU - Zeinolla, Saule AU - Abishova, Saltanat AU - Baibussinova, Gulden PY - 2023/01/22 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - Energy, Urbanization, and Sustainability Indicators: Empirical Data from Kazakhstan JF - International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy JA - IJEEP VL - 13 IS - 1 SE - Articles DO - 10.32479/ijeep.13762 UR - https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijeep/article/view/13762 SP - 154-163 AB - <p>This paper intends to examine the connections between Kazakhstan's environmental indicators (CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and solid waste), urbanization, economic development, and energy consumption. Time-series data for the years 1992 to 2020 were used in the paper; the data were derived from World Development Indicators found in the World Bank database. The methodology of this paper implements the Vector Error Correction Model based on the Granger causality Test. The empirical findings show that there is evidence that, in the near term, both urbanization and energy consumption contribute to CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in Kazakhstan and in addition, the results demonstrate that urbanization contribute to energy consumption. Therefore, policies are required to reduce the effects of urbanization by boosting public instruments to preserve environmental quality and use more energy in sustainable manner. In addition, regulations for energy conservation are required across all industries, but particularly in the transportation and energy sector. These policies must also promote and maximize the use of alternative energy sources.</p> ER -