@article{Su_2017, title={Travel Demand Management Policy Instruments, Urban Spatial Characteristics, and Household Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Travel in the US Urban Areas}, volume={7}, url={https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijeep/article/view/4305}, abstractNote={<p>This paper examines the impact of travel demand management policy instruments and a wide variety of measures of urban spatial characteristics on CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from household travel based on more than 27,000 observations from the 2009 NHTS. The regression results indicate that travel demand management (TDM) instruments and urban spatial characteristics affect CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from household travel in a complicated way. Population-weighted density, rail availability, and TDM instruments such as parking management, promotion of transit use and carpool, and employer-based TDM programs have a moderate but negative impact on CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from household travel. On the other hand, employment and population distribution imbalance and major road network density have a moderate but positive impact on CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from household travel.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> parking management; promotion of transit use and carpool, employer-based TDM program; CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from household travel; population-weighted density; employment and population distribution imbalance</p><p><strong>JEL Classifications: </strong>Q2, Q5<strong></strong></p>}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy}, author={Su, Qing}, year={2017}, month={Jul.}, pages={157–166} }